Five Things We Learned This Week

Here’s the latest edition of “Five Things We Learned This Week” for Aug 9–15, 2025, showcasing five entirely new global developments—each occurring in the past seven days:

A whirlwind of weather, science, space – and a fresh kickoff in football. Here are five globally-relevant moments from the past seven days.

1. 🏛️ No Ukraine peace deal at the Alaska summit

U.S. President Donald Trump and Russia’s Vladimir Putin met in Anchorage on Aug 15. After nearly three hours, both sides left without a ceasefire agreement, though Trump called it “very productive.” Why it matters: It was the highest-level direct talk since the war’s escalation, and the lack of a deal keeps pressure on Europe and NATO to sustain support for Kyiv. Source:Reuters video report (published Aug 16, covering the Aug 15 meeting).  

2. 🌪️ Erin became 2025’s first Atlantic hurricane – and quickly strengthened

By late Aug 15, Erin intensified from a tropical storm to a hurricane over the central Atlantic, with forecasters warning of further strengthening over warm waters. Why it matters: It ends an unusually quiet start to the Atlantic season and reinforces how hot oceans can turbo-charge storms even far from land. Sources: National Hurricane Center advisories on Aug 15; overview reporting.    

3. 🧠 A brain implant restored near-conversational speech after paralysis

Scientists reported a wireless brain–computer interface that let a person with paralysis produce natural-sounding speech at everyday speeds, with substantial accuracy, in trials published Aug 14–15Why it matters: It’s a major step toward practical communication for people who can’t speak, showing rapid gains in speed and intelligibility. Sources: Nature news explainer (Aug 14) and Stanford Medicine release (Aug 15).   

4. 🛰️ Europe launched MetOp-SG-A1 on Ariane 6 to supercharge weather & air-quality data

An Ariane 6 rocket lifted off from Kourou at 21:37 local time on Aug 12 (00:37 UTC Aug 13), placing MetOp-SG-A1 into orbit. The satellite carries Copernicus Sentinel-5 instruments to monitor pollutants and ozone daily. Why it matters: Better global forecasting and climate chemistry tracking are coming from Europe’s new polar-orbiting workhorse. Sources: Arianespace press release; Airbus press note.   

5. ⚽ The Premier League kicked off – with Liverpool’s late surge

The 2025–26 Premier League season opened Aug 15, and Liverpool pulled a dramatic 4–2 win over Bournemouth at Anfield after a second-half swing. Why it matters: Beyond the points, the opener set the tone for a tightly-bunched title race predicted across England’s top flight. Sources:ESPN match report; The Guardian coverage.  

Five Things We Learned This Week

Here’s your brand‑new edition of “Five Things We Learned This Week” for July 26 – August 1, 2025 – each highlight is entirely fresh and occurred within the past seven days:

1. Kamchatka Megaquake and Volcanic Eruptions Shake the Pacific

• On July 30, a massive 8.8 magnitude megathrust earthquakestruck off Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula – one of the strongest ever recorded – triggering global tsunami alerts; fortunately, the eventual tsunami impact was limited.

• Multiple volcanoes erupted in response, including Krasheninnikov (for the first time in centuries) and others like Klyuchevskaya and Shiveluch – fueling a volcanic spike across the region.

2. USGS Issues Aftershock Forecast Following the Megaquake

• The USGS released a detailed aftershock forecast following the Kamchatka quake, projecting:

• a 2% chance of an additional magnitude-8 quake,

24% chance of a magnitude 7 or higher,

• and over 99% chance of further magnitude 4+ aftershocks in the coming week. 

3. A Tragic Campground Accident in Canada

• On July 31, at Cumberland Lake Park Campground in British Columbia, a falling tree tragically killed a 26-year-old mother and her 5-month-old baby; authorities confirmed the tree was decayed, with no foul play suspected. A memorial is planned for August 10.

4. Markets Brace for Trump’s Broad Tariffs

• On August 1, global markets reacted strongly after steep U.S. tariffs were imposed on key trading partners like Canada, Brazil, India, and Taiwan, triggering concerns over trade tensions and inflation; notably, Amazon’s shares fell 7% following underwhelming earnings, while pharma stocks fell after Trump demanded drug price cuts.

5. Britain’s Eurosceptic Move: State of Palestine Recognition

• On July 30Canada announced recognition of the State of Palestine, becoming one of the few Western countries to do so and signaling a geopolitical shift in global alignments.

These five items span global shifts in geology, safety, markets, diplomacy, and hard-to-forget human stories – all contained within July 26 to August 1, 2025 and entirely new to this series.

The Global Food Supply Chain Is Shifting – And Canada Must Be Ready

The global food supply chain is undergoing a period of extraordinary change, driven by a volatile blend of climate instability, geopolitical realignment, digital transformation, and shifting consumer expectations. For Canada, a country both reliant on agricultural exports and dependent on imports to feed its population, these changes represent both a serious threat and a historic opportunity.

The most immediate and destabilizing force is climate change. Across the globe, extreme weather events are disrupting food production and transportation infrastructure. Prolonged droughts in the United States and Brazil, floods in South Asia, and wildfires across the Mediterranean have all contributed to rising food prices and shortages of staple goods. In 2024 and early 2025, the prices of cocoa, coffee, and vegetable oils more than doubled in global markets, illustrating how climate-linked shocks in one region can rapidly ripple across supply networks. Analysts expect this volatility to become the new normal, not an exception.

Geopolitical tensions are compounding these risks. The ongoing consequences of the Russia–Ukraine war continue to affect global grain and seed oil availability, particularly in Africa and the Middle East. Meanwhile, China’s imposition of new tariffs on Canadian agricultural products – part of a tit-for-tat trade war triggered by Canadian duties on Chinese electric vehicles and steel, has jeopardized billions in exports. Canadian pork and canola producers are among the hardest hit. In a trade landscape increasingly shaped by protectionism, food is becoming both a diplomatic tool and a strategic vulnerability.

At the same time, the global food system is entering a period of accelerated digitalization. Technologies such as blockchain, artificial intelligence, and real-time logistics platforms are now being deployed to manage traceability, reduce waste, and predict bottlenecks. From major logistics hubs in Rotterdam and Singapore to field trials in Alberta and Manitoba, data is becoming as essential as soil and seed. For Canada, which has long relied on traditional supply chain models and seasonal rhythms, there is growing pressure to integrate these tools more aggressively.

This digital shift is mirrored by a rising emphasis on sustainability. Multinational retailers and food companies are increasingly turning to regenerative agriculture and eco-friendly logistics. In North America, McDonald’s has begun pilot programs supporting rotational grazing and soil health restoration across its supply network, including with Canadian producers. Meanwhile, packaging waste, energy usage, and transportation emissions are now key metrics for investors, regulators, and consumers alike.

All of these shifts have profound implications for Canada’s agri-food sector. In the face of increasingly fragile international supply routes, there is a renewed focus on domestic resilience. A recent report from KPMG Canada recommends a more self-sufficient food system built around regional logistics hubs, shared storage infrastructure, and enhanced collaboration between producers, distributors, and retailers. The goal is not isolationism, but redundancy – a system better able to absorb shocks without collapsing.

This necessity for resilience also aligns with an emerging opportunity. As supply routes between Asia and the United States become less predictable, Canadian ports, particularly in British Columbia and Atlantic Canada, stand to gain. Shipping rerouted to avoid U.S. tariffs or congestion may open new pathways for Canadian grain, seafood, and value-added agri-food exports. However, capitalizing on this requires investment in cold chain logistics, port capacity, and integrated digital customs processes.

There is also a growing consensus that Canada must move up the value chain. For too long, the country has exported raw commodities – wheat, canola, pulses, only to buy back processed goods at higher prices. In a more competitive and unstable global market, the future lies in branding, processing, and differentiated products. Whether it is high-protein pasta made from prairie durum or oat beverages from Manitoba, value-added agri-food is increasingly seen as the path to long-term competitiveness and economic security.

Another critical challenge is food waste. Canada loses an estimated 35 million tonnes of food annually, roughly 58 percent of all produced, with a combined value of $21 billion. Much of this is the result of poor cold chain management, especially in the face of climate disruption. Heatwaves and floods damage infrastructure, interrupt power supply, and compromise the safety of perishable goods. Strengthening the cold chain, from rural harvest sites to urban distribution centres, will be essential in adapting to a warming climate and preventing unnecessary losses.

At the consumer level, expectations are changing quickly. Demand for traceable, ethically produced, and environmentally sustainable food is no longer limited to niche markets. From compostable packaging to plant-based proteins, Canadian shoppers are pushing producers and retailers to adopt new standards. In response, supply chain managers are planning major shifts toward sustainable logistics, predictive inventory systems, and just-in-time models that minimize waste and maximize transparency.

Taken together, these global supply chain shifts mark a turning point. Canada can either cling to legacy systems and find itself squeezed by rising volatility, or it can invest boldly in infrastructure, innovation, and regional self-sufficiency. The case for action is clear. A resilient, technologically advanced, and sustainable food system is not only possible, it is becoming necessary for the country’s economic and social well-being.

Sources:
• KPMG Canada, Building a More Resilient Food System in Canada (June 2025): https://kpmg.com/ca/en/home/insights/2025/06/building-a-more-resilient-food-system-in-canada.html
The Guardian, “Extreme Weather to Cause Further Food Price Volatility,” (Feb 2025): https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/feb/15/extreme-weather-likely-to-cause-further-food-price-volatility-analysts-say
Business Insider, “Fresh Chinese Tariffs on Canadian Agricultural Products,” (Mar 2025): https://www.businessinsider.com/fresh-chinese-tariffs-canada-open-new-front-trade-war-2025-3
Reuters, “McDonald’s Shifts to Regenerative Agriculture,” (Apr 2025): https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/land-use-biodiversity/no-lettuce-no-big-mac-why-beth-hart-is-steering-mcdonalds-towards-regenerative-2025-04-14
• National Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health, Climate Change Impacts on Canada’s Food Cold Chain: https://ncceh.ca/resources/evidence-reviews/climate-change-impacts-canadas-food-supply-cold-chain
• Eastern College, “Supply Chain Trends in 2025”: https://easterncollege.ca/blog/supply-chain-trends-in-2025-what-canada-needs-to-know

From Limehouse to Left Populism: Why Corbyn’s New Party Feels Different

Last week, I wrote a general interest piece on the Corbyn–Sultana initiative to launch a new grassroots political party in the UK. After posting it, I realised I had a more personal connection, and a story worth telling.

I was there in 1981.

When the “Gang of Four” – Roy Jenkins, Shirley Williams, David Owen, and Bill Rodgers – strode out of Labour’s crumbling broad church and declared the need for a new political home, it felt like a break with the grey inevitability of two‑party Britain. Labour, under Michael Foot, was veering sharply left; the Conservatives, under Margaret Thatcher, were galloping into free‑market dogma. In between stood millions of voters – decent, pragmatic, social democrats, who wanted neither hard socialism nor hard monetarism.

Along with my girlfriend, I joined the Social Democratic Party because we thought it would be the vehicle for a new progressive realignment. The SDP promised modernisation, pro‑European internationalism, civil liberties, and a politics of reason over dogma. I chatted with David Owen when he visited Durham’s Student Union, and we discussed European integration and mixed economic models. We were going to break the mould.

Of course, the mould didn’t break.

The SDP, despite polling in the mid‑20s, was mugged by Britain’s electoral system. In 1983 we won 25% of the vote but just 23 seats. My girlfriend ran in that election as the SDP candidate in a London constituency and came in second. The Liberal Alliance gave us numbers, but also blurred the brand. By 1988, the merger into the Liberal Democrats marked the end of the experiment. David Owen kept a “continuing SDP” alive for a few more years, but it dwindled into irrelevance. The lesson seemed clear: you can’t break the mould if you can’t break first‑past‑the‑post.

Fast‑forward four decades.

Jeremy Corbyn, a figure I would once have dismissed as unelectable, has just launched a new left‑wing party with Zarah Sultana. The working title is “Your Party” –  a placeholder until the members choose the real name. It’s a start‑up political force aimed squarely at the people Starmer’s Labour has abandoned: young, working‑class voters, trade unionists, Muslim communities, tenants trapped by spiralling rents, and those appalled by Britain’s foreign policy silence over Gaza.

This is not a replay of the SDP. In fact, it is almost its mirror image. Where Owen’s SDP was a break from Labour’s leftward drift toward a moderate centre, Corbyn’s break is from Labour’s retreat to cautious centrism. The SDP sought to cool the fires of Bennite socialism; Corbyn wants to rekindle them, but with 21st century energy, and an unapologetic moral clarity.

The early signs suggest an appetite for it. Within hours of launch, the new party reportedly gained 80,000 sign‑ups. Early polling shows it could attract up to 10% of the national vote and, strikingly, over 30% of voters aged 18 to 24. That’s not a niche; that’s a generation.

The platform is unashamedly radical: public ownership of rail, mail, and energy; wealth taxes; rent controls; and a foreign policy grounded in human rights, starting with an arms embargo on Israel. It’s the politics Labour once flirted with under Corbyn’s own leadership but has now buried under Starmer’s managerialism.

Of course, the familiar spectre of the electoral system looms over this effort too. Under first‑past‑the‑post, 10% of the vote without concentrated geographic strength delivers little in the way of seats. The same mechanics that kneecapped the SDP will bite here as well. Worse, the vote‑splitting effect could deliver seats to the Conservatives or Reform UK that might otherwise go Labour.

This is the main line of attack from Starmer loyalists, that Corbyn is dividing the left and letting the right in. I’ve heard this argument before. In the early ’80s, Labour accused the SDP of doing Thatcher’s bidding. And yes, in some seats we did make a Tory win easier, but that’s the nature of political pluralism: no party owns your vote.

The truth is that Labour in both eras created the conditions for a breakaway. In 1981, Labour’s embrace of unilateralism, its hostility to Europe, and its tolerance of factional extremism drove moderates away. In 2025, Labour’s embrace of fiscal caution, its refusal to reverse austerity, and its complicity in moral abdications on foreign policy have alienated a swathe of the progressive left.

There’s also a difference in energy. The SDP’s strength came from defecting MPs and respected establishment figures. That gave us media credibility, but also made us a party of insiders in exile. Corbyn’s movement is almost the opposite: driven by grassroots organisers, youthful energy, and activist networks built over years in Momentum, trade unions, and anti‑war campaigns. He’s starting with a mass base the SDP never had.

That matters.

Politics in 2025 is not politics in 1981. Social media can turn a well‑phrased message into a viral moment that reaches millions without needing permission from Fleet Street. Independent fundraising platforms can keep a party afloat without deep‑pocket donors. Organised communities can be mobilised quickly in ways we could barely imagine in the early ’80s.

But the hurdles remain. Charisma and clarity are not enough. Organisation, discipline, and a credible electoral strategy are vital. The SDP faltered because we could not translate national polling into local machinery that could deliver seats. If Corbyn wants to avoid our fate, he will need to learn that lesson quickly, and perhaps swallow the bitter pill of electoral pacts with the Greens and others in key marginals.

What draws me, a lapsed social democrat, to this project is the moral clarity. The SDP believed in decency and moderation; Corbyn’s party believes in justice and equality. The former was about making the system work better; the latter is about making a different system altogether. In an age of deepening inequality, climate emergency, and political cynicism, moderation feels inadequate.

In 1981, I thought the centre could hold. In 2025, I’m no longer so sure. The forces pulling Britain apart are not ideological factions in parliament but the grinding realities of low pay, unaffordable housing, public services on their knees, and a political class that treats foreign policy as an exercise in selective morality.

So yes, I will be watching Corbyn’s new party with hope, and with the long memory of someone who’s seen idealism crash against electoral reality before. The challenge will be to harness the passion without losing strategic focus, to avoid the trap of purity politics that comforts the faithful but leaves power to the enemy.

The SDP set out to break the mould and failed. Corbyn’s party may be trying to remould it entirely. If he can unite the moral urgency of the left with the organisational savvy of a winning campaign, this time might be different. And after forty years, I’d like to think the mould is already cracking.

Five Things We Learned This Week

Here’s your freshly updated “Five Things We Learned This Week” feature for July 26 – August 1, 2025 – all events are entirely new, fall within that window, and didn’t appear in previous editions:

⚖️ 1. Trump Signs Sweeping Tariffs Affecting ~70 Countries

• On July 31, President Trump signed a tariff package that imposes levies on imports from approximately 70 countries – tariffs now range from 15% (EU, Japan) up to 35% (Canada) and 50% (copper), with new duties on India, Vietnam, and others. This move intensifies trade tensions and raises inflation concerns.  

🛰️ 2. Asteroid 2025 OW Flies Safely Past Earth

• On July 28, near-Earth asteroid 2025 OW, roughly the size of an airplane (~210 ft wide), passed at ~393,000 miles away – one and a half times the distance to the Moon – and was harmless, though scientists emphasize the importance of continued monitoring.  

🏛️ 3. UN Urges Humanitarian Aid for Gaza Amid Rising Casualties

• Throughout late July, UN officials and NGOs highlighted worsening famine and civilian suffering in Gaza, pressing for expanded aid corridors and increased access as international concern grew.  

📉 4. Fed Holds Rates Steady, But Dissent Grows Over Future Cuts

• At its July 30 meeting, the U.S. Federal Reserve kept interest rates at 4.25–4.50%, yet two board members dissented – signaling readiness for a rate cut later in 2025 if data worsens, especially amid trade-driven uncertainty.  

🌍 5. Ukraine Reports Major Russian Advances & High Drone, Missile Attacks

• Between July 26–31, Russia reportedly advanced in eastern towns like Vovchansk and Maliivka; meanwhile Ukraine’s air defenses shot down 309 of 324 drones and 2 of 7 missiles in one night. Recent strikes killed dozens including at a hospital and correctional facility, raising concerns of potential war-crime investigations.  

These developments cover trade policyplanetary defensehumanitarian crisescentral banking, and conflict escalation – all firmly within the current week’s timeframe. Let me know if you’d like full article links or deeper breakdowns on any topic.

The Political Earthquake Few Saw Coming

The United Kingdom’s political landscape is about to receive its most significant jolt in years. Former Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn, alongside independent MP Zarah Sultana, has confirmed the launch of a new grassroots political party, one that aims to occupy the political space Labour has steadily abandoned. Announced on July 24, 2025, the initiative has already attracted tens of thousands of supporters within hours, signalling a deep hunger for a bolder, unapologetically left‑wing alternative to the status quo. While the official name has yet to be chosen, the movement’s intent is unmistakable: to offer a platform rooted in social justice, economic fairness, and genuine community democracy.

From the outset, the project is being framed not as another Westminster‑centric vehicle, but as a federation of locally empowered organisations with a national vision. Core principles include wealth redistribution, ending austerity, public ownership of essential services, and a decisive foreign policy stance that rejects arms sales to Israel while affirming support for a free and independent Palestine. These are policies designed to galvanise the disillusioned, voters alienated by Labour’s cautious centrism and the stagnation of Britain’s two‑party stalemate.

The momentum is real. Reports vary, but early estimates suggest between 80,000 and 500,000 sign‑ups within the first day, an extraordinary show of energy for a movement still without a name. For Corbyn and Sultana, this is not simply a bid to reclaim the past, but an attempt to forge a coalition that can speak to the country’s present and future needs. The party’s inaugural conference, scheduled for later in 2025, will be a decisive moment. It will set the tone for how the organisation functions internally, what it will be called, and how it plans to compete in local and national elections.

Politically, the implications are substantial. Labour, under Keir Starmer, has bet heavily on attracting centrist swing voters, a strategy that risks alienating its traditional base. Corbyn’s party could become the rallying point for those who believe Labour has compromised too far, offering a home for trade unionists, younger voters, anti‑war campaigners, and those seeking transformative economic policy. The risk of splitting the progressive vote is real, but so too is the possibility of reshaping the national conversation, and forcing a recalibration of priorities within Labour itself.

Much will depend on the movement’s ability to convert enthusiasm into infrastructure. Building candidate pipelines, securing funding, and sustaining grassroots organisation will be critical. Corbyn’s long‑standing connection with activist networks and Sultana’s resonance with younger progressives provide a promising foundation. If that energy translates into effective campaigning, the party could make its mark far sooner than expected.

This is not just another fringe protest party emerging from the political wilderness. It is the crystallisation of years of grassroots frustration, now given structure, leadership, and the potential for scale. While sceptics will point to the electoral system’s unforgiving nature, history shows that determined movements with a clear moral compass can shift the terrain in surprising ways.

The UK is entering a period where political certainties no longer hold. In this volatile climate, new actors with courage and clarity can have an outsized impact. The Corbyn‑Sultana initiative is still in its infancy, but it has already tapped into a deep well of popular discontent. Watch this space – the story is only just beginning.

Retreat from the Final Frontier: The Cost of Cutting NASA’s Core

A sweeping wave of senior personnel departures at NASA, triggered by a White House, mandated austerity campaign, has raised deep concern across the U.S. space community. According to documents obtained by Politico, 2,145 employees in GS-13 through GS-15 roles have accepted early retirement, buyouts, or agreed to leave within the year. These roles include scientists, engineers, policy professionals, and program managers. The departures are concentrated in mission-critical areas and threaten to erode NASA’s ability to deliver on its bold human spaceflight agenda.

The cuts affect all ten of NASA’s major centers. Goddard Space Flight Center is taking the hardest hit, losing 607 senior staff. Johnson Space Center, which manages astronaut operations, will lose 366. Kennedy Space Center in Florida is losing 311. The pattern reflects a widespread drawdown of institutional leadership and technical depth at a time when the agency is navigating some of its most ambitious objectives since Apollo.

NASA spokesperson Bethany Stevens has maintained that the agency remains committed to its mission while adapting to a more streamlined budget. However, the White House’s proposed FY 2026 budget includes a 25 percent cut and envisions the elimination of more than 5,000 total positions across the agency. If implemented, the reductions would return NASA’s staffing levels to those of the early 1960s, a time when the agency had a far smaller mandate and fewer active programs.

The loss of senior talent poses a direct threat to several cornerstone programs. NASA is aiming to return humans to the Moon by mid-2027, followed by a crewed mission to Mars. Both missions rely on deep systems knowledge, inter-agency coordination, and seamless execution. The departure of experienced staff, especially from the Artemis and Gateway teams, could delay or destabilize these plans. Casey Dreier, chief of space policy at The Planetary Society, has warned that losing the managerial and technical expertise of this magnitude undermines execution across the board.

One particularly alarming detail in the Politico reporting is the loss of five of 35 employees in NASA’s legislative affairs office. This unit handles critical interactions with Congress and federal appropriators. Reducing its capacity at this moment could damage NASA’s ability to secure future funding and defend its strategic priorities. Even if Congress acts to restore some of the proposed funding cuts, the loss of institutional knowledge and political navigation skills cannot be replaced overnight.

Leadership instability compounds the challenge. Janet Petro, director of Kennedy Space Center and the first woman to serve as acting NASA Administrator, stepped down on July 9. The Trump administration appointed Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy to serve concurrently as acting head of NASA. Duffy, known for his background in reality television and conservative media, lacks direct aerospace or scientific experience. His appointment follows the White House’s withdrawal of Jared Isaacman’s nomination for the permanent role, reportedly due to tensions between Trump and SpaceX founder Elon Musk.

Duffy’s tenure at the Department of Transportation has already been marked by disputes with Musk, particularly over aviation safety concerns tied to SpaceX’s Starlink network. His assumption of the top NASA post may deepen those conflicts. Critics are skeptical that Duffy can effectively lead NASA through this period of transformation and retrenchment while also fulfilling his duties as Secretary of Transportation.

This leadership vacuum arrives as the Trump administration implements a broader program of federal workforce reduction. Earlier efforts to force mass departures at NASA were temporarily stalled after a court challenge. The current wave, conducted through buyouts and early retirements, has proven more effective and legally resilient. But the long-term damage may be even greater. NASA is losing not only numbers but also wisdom, mentorship, and the kind of tacit knowledge that cannot be replaced by hiring alone.

There is a real risk that these departures will permanently weaken NASA’s capacity. As staff leave, many are likely to be absorbed by the commercial space sector, which offers more competitive compensation and greater job security. NASA’s ability to attract top-tier scientific and engineering talent could be undermined for years. Even if the political winds shift, rebuilding the internal expertise lost during this period will be a generational task.

International competitors stand to benefit. China’s space program continues to grow rapidly and with clear state support. While NASA retrenches, China has announced new plans for lunar bases and expanded operations on Mars. If the United States chooses to scale back its space ambitions, other nations will fill the void. The result could be a rebalancing of global leadership in space exploration and innovation.

Key milestones loom ahead. The FY 2026 budget process will reveal whether Congress is willing to override the White House’s cuts. NASA center directors must now adjust internal plans to account for shrinking staff and shifting leadership. The deferred resignation program runs through July 25. Whether those numbers hold or expand will be an early signal of just how deep this institutional rupture goes.

What is at stake is not just one agency’s future. NASA remains a cornerstone of American scientific achievement and global leadership. A loss of this scale, at this moment, could push the agency into long-term decline. The damage may not be visible immediately, but it will be felt acutely in missed missions, cancelled programs, and a reduced national presence in space. These are not just retirements. They are resignations from the frontier.

Sources
• Politico: https://www.politico.com/news/2025/07/09/nasa-staff-departures-00444674
• Reuters: https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/sustainable-finance-reporting/more-than-2000-senior-employees-expected-depart-nasa-politico-reports-2025-07-09
• The Daily Beast: https://www.thedailybeast.com/trump-hands-musk-nemesis-sean-duffy-big-new-interim-job-in-charge-of-nasa
• The Planetary Society
• Eos: https://eos.org/research-and-developments/2145-senior-level-staff-to-leave-nasa
• Indian Narrative: https://www.indianarrative.com/world-news/nasa-set-to-lose-2100-senior-staff-members-as-trump-looks-to-slash-agencys-fund-report-172472.html

Five Things We Learned This Week

Here’s your fresh edition of “Five Things We Learned This Week” for July 19–25, 2025, featuring completely new global developments – all occurring within the past seven days:

🌍 1. China Cracks Down on Strategic Minerals Smuggling

China officially pledged to toughen enforcement against smuggling of vital strategic minerals like rare earths, citing increased covert operations, including false declarations and third-country transshipments.  This crackdown aims to safeguard materials essential to sectors from chipmaking to defense, reinforcing China’s zero‑tolerance export policy.

🌐 2. DRC and M23 Rebels Sign Ceasefire in Doha

On July 19, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and M23 rebel forces signed a declaration of principles in Doha, agreeing to an immediate ceasefire, detainee exchanges under ICRC oversight, and peace talks scheduled for August amid restored state authority efforts. 

🌐 3. Massive Russia Drone and Missile Attack on Ukraine

Overnight July 18–19, Ukraine endured a major assault of more than 30 missiles and about 300 drones launched by Russia, damaging critical infrastructure in Sumy and causing widespread power outages.

🌀 4. Magnitude 5.6 Earthquake Hits Northern Iran

A shallow 5.6 magnitude earthquake struck northern Iran on July 19, as reported by seismic authorities. The quake occurred at just 3 km depth, raising regional concerns about damage and preparedness in seismically active zones. 

🏅 5. British Athletes Finally Receive 1997 World Relay Gold

At London’s Diamond League event, Britain’s men’s 4×400 m relay teamwere presented with their 1997 World Championship gold medals, awarded 28 years late after the U.S. team was disqualified for doping.

The ceremony was attended by 60,000 cheering fans, honoring athletes Roger Black, Iwan Thomas, Jamie Baulch, Mark Richardson, and heat runner Mark Hylton.

This edition brings five entirely new, date-specific events from July 19–25, 2025: ranging from geopolitics and conflict, to environmental policy and sports history. Let me know if you’d like direct links or further analysis on any of these!

The Lost Republic: How America Abandoned Reconstruction and Built the Wrong Nation

The United States stands today on the foundation of an unfinished revolution. The Civil War, often portrayed as the crucible in which the nation was made whole, was followed by a period of unparalleled opportunity to remake the republic. That window, known as Reconstruction, saw the brief emergence of a multiracial democracy in the former Confederate states, shepherded by the Radical Republicans in Congress. These were men who believed, fiercely and with moral clarity, that the war’s outcome demanded nothing less than the complete transformation of Southern society and the full inclusion of formerly enslaved people as citizens, voters, and landowners. What followed instead was a quiet, but definitive betrayal: a failure to complete the project of Reconstruction that left the white supremacist order largely intact, and gave rise to what some, including political commentator Allison Wiltz, now refer to as the “Second Republic.”

The Radical Republicans imagined a different America, one that would break the planter class’s hold over Southern life and reconstruct the country on the basis of racial equality and federal protection of civil rights. Their vision included land redistribution, the use of military force to protect Black communities, and the permanent disenfranchisement of Confederate leaders. The legal architecture was established: the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments promised freedom, citizenship, and suffrage. For a moment, this new republic seemed within reach. Black men voted and held office; schools and mutual aid societies flourished; and a vibrant, if fragile, political culture began to take root in the South.

Yet the resistance to this vision was swift and violent. Former Confederates, resentful and unrepentant, regrouped under new banners. Paramilitary groups like the Ku Klux Klan emerged to intimidate Black voters and assassinate Black officeholders. Northern commitment to the cause of Reconstruction waned in the face of political fatigue, economic anxiety, and racist sentiment. The Compromise of 1877, which ended federal military occupation of the South, is widely recognized as the final nail in the coffin of Reconstruction. In exchange for a peaceful transfer of power in a contested presidential election, federal troops were withdrawn, effectively abandoning Black Southerners to white rule once again.

What emerged from this retreat was not the restoration of the antebellum order, but its mutation into something more insidious. The Southern elite reasserted dominance not through slavery, but through systems of racial control that would become known as Jim Crow. Sharecropping, vagrancy laws, and racial terror filled the vacuum left by federal inaction. In the North, corporate capitalism surged forward, aided by a Supreme Court increasingly hostile to civil rights and sympathetic to business interests. The new republic, this Second Republic, was forged not in the idealism of the Radical Republicans, but in the compromise between Northern capital and Southern white supremacy.

This betrayal continues to shape the American republic. The legacy of that failed Reconstruction is visible in the persistent racial wealth gap, in mass incarceration, and in the legal structures that continue to insulate white political power from meaningful multiracial challenge. It is felt in the enduring distortions of the Senate and Electoral College, institutions that grant disproportionate influence to states that once formed the Confederacy. It is also enshrined in the judicial philosophy that privileges state power over federal guarantees of equality, a doctrine born in the retreat from Reconstruction, and still central to American constitutional life.

What if the Radical Republicans had succeeded? That question, once the domain of counterfactual speculation, is now a central concern of a new generation of historians and public thinkers. They argue that the United States would have become a different nation entirely, one in which racial justice was not a belated corrective, but a foundational principle. A country in which democracy was not constrained by white fear and property rights, but energized by the full participation of all its citizens. In short, they argue that the real opportunity to found a just republic came not in 1776, but in the 1860s, and that the country blinked.

In this light, America’s long twentieth century: the civil rights movement, the New Deal, the struggle for voting rights, can be seen not as inevitable progress but as a series of rear-guard actions trying to recover ground lost in the 1870s. Each new wave of reform has faced the same obstacles that defeated Reconstruction: the intransigence of entrenched interests, the ambivalence of white moderates, and the enduring capacity of American institutions to absorb and deflect demands for justice. The Second Republic, born of compromise and fear, remains with us still.

To understand the full dimensions of America’s present crises, from voter suppression to white nationalist resurgence, requires reckoning with the moment the nation chose reconciliation over transformation. Reconstruction was not a tragic failure of policy; it was an abandoned revolution, and until that original promise is fulfilled, the United States remains a republic only partially realized, haunted by the ghosts of the one it refused to become.

Sources:
• Foner, Eric. Reconstruction: America’s Unfinished Revolution, 1863–1877.Harper & Row, 1988.
• Blackmon, Douglas A. Slavery by Another Name. Anchor Books, 2008.
• Wiltz, Allison. “How the United States Became a Second Republic.” Medium, 2022.
• Du Bois, W.E.B. Black Reconstruction in America, 1860–1880. Free Press, 1998 (original 1935).

Nigel Farage: The Pint-Sized Prophet of Populism (And Other Tall Tales)

If there were ever a political equivalent of a pub bore who mistook volume for vision and nostalgia for nationalism, it would surely be Nigel Farage. A man who has turned the art of saying nothing loudly into a long-running solo act, Farage now finds himself back on the national stage, pint in one hand, populist outrage in the other, like some Poundland Churchill with a hangover and no sense of irony.

Farage is not so much a politician as he is a walking sentiment, equal parts grumble and grin, a one-man Brexit tribute band who simply refuses to leave the stage, even though the audience has changed, the tune is out of key, and most of the band have long since sobered up and gone home.

His comeback tour, cleverly rebranded as “Reform UK”, is less a political movement than a support group for people who think the country went downhill the moment rationing ended. Armed with a spreadsheet of cherry-picked grievances and a deeply suspicious love for “common sense,” Farage has returned to Westminster as if he’s just popped into the nation’s living room to remind us that he’s still very angry, and that he can still somehow get on telly.

Let’s rewind. This is the man who has never won a seat in Westminster in seven tries, and only managed it on the eighth, Clacton, bless its confused heart, where enough voters were presumably just hoping he’d shut up if they gave him something to do. For years, Farage has been like that one bloke at a barbecue who says he doesn’t want to run the country, then spends three hours explaining why everyone else is doing it wrong and how it used to be better when “you could still say what you liked.”

What does he stand for? That depends entirely on what week it is and who’s paying attention. Europe? He hates it, except when he’s drawing a salary from the European Parliament, where he famously turned up just enough to wave little flags and scowl like a teenager dragged to a family dinner. Immigration? Terrible thing, until you remember he’s married a German and once declared he’d happily take in Ukrainians (as long as they were “the right kind” of refugee). The monarchy? Loves it, but isn’t above throwing shade at King Charles if it means a few more headlines in the Mail.

Farage is the kind of man who could declare war on Brussels at breakfast, have a ‘fish and chip’ photo op by lunch, and be caught on a yacht with a Russian banker by dinner. He’s not consistent – he’s theatrical. His is a politics of performance, not policy. Ask him how to fix the NHS and he’ll answer with a Churchill quote, a puff of smoke, and a vague suggestion that if only people stood up straight and sang the anthem more often, all would be well.

And let’s talk about the pint. That ever-present glass of warm bitter isn’t just a prop – it’s practically a political philosophy. It says, “I’m one of you,” even as Farage hobnobs with hedge funders and flirts with conspiracy theories like they’re going out of fashion (spoiler: they aren’t, at least not on GB News). The pint is the mask, just as every Farage rant is the distraction. He rails against elites while being one. He promises change while offering the same tired menu of scapegoats and slogans.

His greatest trick, of course, was convincing half the country that Brexit was an answer, not a 12-part question to which no one has yet written a coherent reply. And when things inevitably began to unravel: when farmers panicked, fish rotted, and red tape multiplied like rabbits on a cider binge; Farage did what any master of misdirection would do: he changed the subject. Now it’s the “deep state,” or “wokeism,” or electric cars. Anything to keep the engine of indignation running.

Farage’s real superpower is survival. Like a political cockroach, he outlives scandals, failures, party collapses, and logic itself. Reform UK isn’t about reforming anything; it’s about reforming Farage, again and again, into whatever new flavour of rage the market demands. One week it’s immigration, the next it’s Net Zero, the next it’s some obscure rant about meat taxes or metric martyrs. The man reinvents himself more often than Madonna, and with even more eyeliner, if you count the smugness.

And now, astonishingly, he wants to be Prime Minister. Farage, who has never run anything larger than a press stunt, now fancies himself as the captain of HMS Britain. It’s like giving the keys to your house to the bloke who just finished yelling at the manager in Wetherspoons.

Britain deserves better than Farage. They deserve leaders with ideas, not just outrage. With plans, not just punchlines. And with principles that go beyond “whatever makes the headlines.”

But perhaps the biggest joke is that Farage is no joke at all. He’s a very real symptom of a very real problem: a political culture where volume trumps vision, and media clout outweighs moral clarity. He may make Brits laugh, roll their eyes, or rage, but the real danger is when we stop noticing the sleight of hand behind the show.

So enjoy the circus. But don’t buy the popcorn.